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JDBC+Hibernate将Blob数据写入Oracle

  【IT168 服务器学院】Oracle的Blob字段比较特殊,他比long字段的性能要好很多,可以用来保存例如图片之类的二进制数据。

  写入Blob字段和写入其它类型字段的方式非常不同,因为Blob自身有一个cursor,你必须使用cursor对blob进行操作,因而你在写入Blob之前,必须获得cursor才能进行写入,那么如何获得Blob的cursor呢?

  这需要你先插入一个empty的blob,这将创建一个blob的cursor,然后你再把这个empty的blob的cursor用select查询出来,这样通过两步操作,你就获得了blob的cursor,可以真正的写入blob数据了。

  看下面的JDBC的demo,把oraclejdbc.jar这个二进制文慈胧菘獗韏avatest的content字段(这是一个blob型字段)

  import java.sql.*;
  import java.io.*;
  import oracle.sql.*;
  public class WriteBlob {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

   try {
    DriverManager.registerDriver(new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl","fankai","fankai");
    conn.setAutoCommit(false);

  BLOB blob = null;

  PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("insert into javatest(name,content) values(?,empty_blob())");
    pstmt.setString(1,"fankai");
    pstmt.executeUpdate();
    pstmt.close();

  pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("select content from javatest where name= ? for update");
    pstmt.setString(1,"fankai");
    ResultSet rset = pstmt.executeQuery();
    if (rset.next()) blob = (BLOB) rset.getBlob(1);

  String fileName = "oraclejdbc.jar";
    File f = new File(fileName);
    FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(f);
    System.out.println("file size = " + fin.available());

  pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("update javatest set content=? where name=?");

  OutputStream out = blob.getBinaryOutputStream();

  int count = -1, total = 0;
    byte[] data = new byte[(int)fin.available()];
    fin.read(data);
    out.write(data);
    /*
    byte[] data = new byte[blob.getBufferSize()]; 另一种实现方法,节省内存
    while ((count = fin.read(data)) != -1) {
     total += count;
     out.write(data, 0, count);
    }
    */

  fin.close();
    out.close();

  pstmt.setBlob(1,blob);
    pstmt.setString(2,"fankai");

  pstmt.executeUpdate();
    pstmt.close();

  conn.commit();
    conn.close();
   } catch (SQLException e) {
     System.err.println(e.getMessage());
    e.printStackTrace();
   } catch (IOException e) {
    System.err.println(e.getMessage());
   }
  }

  }

  仔细看上例,分三步:

  1、插入空blob

  into javatest(name,content) values(?,empty_blob());

  2、获得blob的cursor

  select content from javatest where name= ? for update;

  注意!!!必须加for update,这将锁定该行,直至该行被修改完毕,保证不产生并发冲突。

  3、update javatest set content=? where name=

  用cursor往数据库写数据

  这里面还有一点要提醒大家:

  JDK1.3带的JDBC2.0规范是不完善的,只有读Blob的接口,而没有写Blob的接口,JDK1.4带的JDBC3.0加入了写Blob的接口。你可以使用JDBC3.0的接口,也可以直接使用Oracle的JDBC的API,我在上例中使用了Oracle的JDBC的API。

  另外要注意的是:

  java.sql.Blob

  oracle.sql.BLOB

  注意看blob的大小写,是不一样的。写程序的时候不要搞混了。

  下面看看用Hibernate怎么写,原理是一样的,也要分三步,但是代码简单很多

  这是Cat对象定义

  package com.fankai;

  import java.sql.Blob;

  public class Cat {
   private String id;
   private String name;
   private char sex;
   private float weight;
   private Blob image;
   public Cat() { }

   public String getId() { return id; }
   public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; }

   public String getName() { return name; }
   public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }

   public char getSex() { return sex; }
   public void setSex(char sex) { this.sex = sex; }

   public float getWeight() { return weight; }
   public void setWeight(float weight) { this.weight = weight; }

   public Blob getImage() { return image; }
   public void setImage(Blob image) { this.image = image;}
  }
   

  这是Cat.hbm.xml

  <?xml version="1.0"?>
  <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping SYSTEM "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd">

  <hibernate-mapping>
  <class name="com.fankai.Cat" table="cat">
  <!--jcs-cache usage="read-only"/-->
  <id name="id" unsaved-value="null">
  <generator class="uuid.hex"/>
  </id>
  <property name="name" length="16" not-null="true"/>
  <property name="sex" length="1" not-null="true"/>
  <property name="weight" />
  <property name="image" />
  </class>
  </hibernate-mapping>

  下面是完整的用Hibernate写入Blob的例子,相比JDBC,已经简单轻松多了,也不用写那些Oracle特殊的sql了:

  package com.fankai;

  import java.sql.Blob;
  import net.sf.hibernate.*;
  import oracle.sql.*;
  import java.io.*;

  public class TestCatHibernate {
   public static void testBlob() {
    Session s = null;
    byte[] buffer = new byte[1];
    buffer[0] = 1;
    try {
     SessionFactory sf = HibernateSessionFactory.getSessionFactory();
     s = sf.openSession();
     Transaction tx = s.beginTransaction();
     Cat c = new Cat();
     c.setName("Robbin");
     c.setImage(Hibernate.createBlob(buffer));
     s.save(c);
     s.flush();
     s.refresh(c, LockMode.UPGRADE);
     BLOB blob = (BLOB) c.getImage();
     OutputStream out = blob.getBinaryOutputStream();
     String fileName = "oraclejdbc.jar";
     File f = new File(fileName);
     FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(f);
     int count = -1, total = 0;
     byte[] data = new byte[(int)fin.available()];
     fin.read(data);
     out.write(data);
     fin.close();
     out.close();
     s.flush();
     tx.commit();

  } catch (Exception e) {
     System.out.println(e.getMessage());
    } finally {
     if (s != null)
     try {
      s.close();
     } catch (Exception e) {}
    }
   }
  }
  

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